キテレツこと木手英一は発明が大好きな小学生だが発明品はいつも失敗ばかり。ある日、発明家であった先祖のキテレツ斎がその発明道具を書き記したと伝えられる奇天烈大百科を父から譲り受けるも全てが白紙で何も書かれていなかった。一度は落胆するも共に伝わった眼鏡・神通鏡を通して見た場合にのみ読めることを発見し、第1作として、からくり人間（ロボット）のコロ助を作り上げる。以降、キテレツはコロ助を助手とし、大百科の発明を次々と作り上げ、時に人助けを行い、時にトラブルを起こしていく。だが、一年以上たったある日大百科を母親がゴミと間違えて捨ててしまい、必死の捜索も間に合わずに大百科は灰燼に帰してしまう。大百科を失ったキテレツだが、大百科に頼らない自力での発明を目指し勉強を始める。コロ助はキテレツの成長を喜ぶのだった。
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Kiteretsu, aka Kitei Eiichi, is an elementary school student who loves inventing, but his creations always end in failure.
One day, he inherits the Kiteretsu Encyclopedia from his father—a book said to contain the inventions of his ancestor, Kiteretsu Sai. Yet, it was entirely blank, with nothing written inside. Though initially disheartened, he discovers that the entries can only be read when viewed through the accompanying glasses, the Shintsu Mirror. Using this, he creates his first invention: Korosuke, a mechanical human (robot).
From then on, with Korosuke as his assistant, Kiteretsu begins creating the inventions from the encyclopedia one after another. Sometimes he helps people, and sometimes he causes trouble. However, over a year later, his mother mistakenly threw the encyclopedia away as trash. Despite a desperate search, it was too late, and the encyclopedia was reduced to ashes. Though Kiteretsu lost the encyclopedia, he resolved to study and invent on his own, without relying on it. Korosuke rejoiced at Kiteretsu's growth.
